Community Song Analysis | 01

Hey Jude

This week, we're taking a look at The Beatles' Hey Jude

Here are the questions I'd like you to answer about this song:

1. What key is this song in? Is it Major or Minor (or modal or something else?)
2. What is the chord progression? (use Roman Numerals to describe it)
3. If there are chords outside the key, can we explain what is going on? (eg. modal stuff, secondary dominants, etc)

These are the essential questions. IF you want more questions to answer about this song, let me know!

Keep in mind: You DO NOT have to do this by ear. Feel free to look up the chords and research anything you like. If you want to do it by ear, awesome - but that is not a requirement. This is more about looking at the chords and figuring out their roman numeral relationship.

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MTM | 28

Intro To sus Chords

In this lesson, I help you distinguish between sus2 and sus4 chords. We also dive into specifically how to make them and discuss the difficulty with using certain chord shapes to make sus chords. Get to know these foundational concepts well before the next lesson, where we'll talk about sus chords in a key and start preparing for the main difference between sus chords and add9 or add11 chords.

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Live Stream | 62

Office Hours, Q&A

Question 1: Dennis had a question that was basically about the difference between relative pitch and perfect pitch related to my latest ear training lesson.

Question 2: Jason was looking for bar chord technique help.

Question 3: Mathias was curious about 1) some examples of spooky music and B) how to use something like intervals while soloing - fragments of chords and whatnot

Questoin 4: Kevin has been breaking a LOT of strings and is trying to figure out why. We went into detective mode.

Question 5: Bert was wondering how often to change strings.

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Practice Thoughts | 07

Beware of the Gatekeepers

This one tackles the idea of gatekeepers. We all have varying levels (and maybe kinds) of insecurities about wether we're doing things the right way. It's pretty easy to find confident people out there that will tell you "this is definitely the right way to play music and those people are wrong!" But music is pretty complicated and these kinds of things are not so cut and dry.

Basically, I want to encourage each and every one of my Patrons to play music and write music and not to be too concerned with the people who tell you "if you're not doing X, you're not a real musician."

On the flip side, if you have the urge to find someone to tell you:

"this is definitely what music is and these people over here are definitely not making music,"

I'd like you to know that this urge is pretty normal, pretty human and - to some extent - unavoidable at least in some sense. I mean, your preferences are a big part of what makes you you. In other words, it's definitely OK to have preferences, but to define one kind of music as "the only true music," would be comparable to saying that 1500's English or 1200's English is "the only true English."

Music is nuanced and interesting and if you're always worried about doing it right or wrong, you might be missing the point that it's about you doing it the way you like.

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Live Stream | 61

Office Hours, Q&A

Question 1: Sep made a comment about playing guitar for you instead of trying to live up to some impossible standard.

Question 2: Daniel was curious about some specific soloing techniques around soloing over chord changes.

Question 3: Davin was curious about artificial harmonics, mainly techniques

Question 4: Austin had a question about where to start when relearning guitar

Question 5: Leo had a question about song analysis and how to figure out what key a chord progression is

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Community Challenge | 19

Write a Minor i - III - VI - V progression

This is a classic progression. You can hear it in a lot of songs. Here are a few:

Crazy by Gnarls Barkley (Cm - Eb - Ab - G)
If You Want Me to Stay by Sly and Sly and the Family Stone (wait for the song to get going, you'll hear it) (it's not tuned to A440, but if it were the chords would be Bbm - Db - Gb - F)

Here are the rules for this challenge:
1. Use this progression, in order, in one section of your song.
2. Whatever you write has to be written after reading this post.

The first rule means you can't play i III V VI or III i VI V instead, it's gotta be those four chords in order! However, if you wanted to write something that went something like:

i III VI V
i III IV IV

that would be ok! As long as you're including one complete set of i III VI V

For those of you who might be new, let me do a little breakdown of these roman numerals:

Lets take the key of E Minor

Scale first: E F# G A B C D E

If you remember the order of chords in a minor key, it's minor dim maj min min maj maj so:

I = Em
ii° = F#°
III = G
iv = Am
v = Bm
VI = C
VII = D

These are the chords in E Natural Minor, but the chord progression we're using for this challenge has a Major V chord (you can tell because it's UPPERCASE)

Major V chord means we're in harmonic minor territory. So the scale gets the option of a #7 and while that can have an effect on other chords in the key, the main chord effected is the V chord.

So now, instead of Bm = v, we've got B = V, and since it's the V chord, we can make it a dom7 so B7 = V7

The basic triad version of this progression is: Em(i) G(III) C(VI) B(V)

If you want to add 7's to each chord it's: Em7 Gmaj7 Cmaj7 B7

If you need a refresher on this stuff, check out Music Theory Monday's first few lessons.

Your creation can be the equivalent of a scribble on a napkin, something you did quickly and recorded on your phone, or a full song. As long as you follow the rules, your creation can be as sloppy an hastily recorded as you like. Perfection is not necessary. You could even just pick a key and play this chord progression to make sure you understand the assignment. But if you want to write a full song, you're more than welcome to do so!

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Ear Training | 01

Basic Tuning & Sine Waves

This first Ear Training lesson is about how to start tuning by ear using harmonics BUT.... it's so much more!

I got into some fun software experiments with sine waves to show what happens when you tune your guitar. Two nearly identical musical tones will create a beat together, and that beat will get faster or slower depending on if you're closer or farther from being in tune.

If you've been playing for a while, this lesson might clarify some things and help you hear differently. If you feel like you're tone deaf, this is an excellent place to start the absolute basics of training your ears. This lesson is foundational for future ear training lessons so get really comfortable with the homework.

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Ear TrainingScott Johnson
Live Stream | 60

Office Hours, Q&A

This was a great stream as usual.

Question 1: Sep was curious about numbering the notes in a scale, then applying those numbers to a melody.

Question 2: Jason was curious about how to navigate the more open-ended lessons in Music Theory Mondayafter finishing the more homework-oriented Music Theory for Guitar.

Question 3: Erin was curious about how I came up with my teaching method

Question 4: Mateus had some questions about how to come up with original music and how to deal with the fact that we sometimes accidentally copy the music we listen to

Question 5: Davin was curious about buying studio monitors or sticking with headphones?

Question 6: Mathias was curious about imposter syndrome (feeling like a fraud) and how to deal with those feelings as an artist and musician.

Question 7: Jason was curious about my "Sparrow Meat Market" shirt

Question 8: Kevin was wondering at what point to say "I play guitar?"

Question 9: Thea wanted to know which pedal to buy first!

Question 10: Jason asked about a good amp that plays nice with pedals.

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Community Challenge | 18

Pick any previous challenge!

To be more specific:
You could pick a previous challenge that you missed when it was first posted, or pick a previous challenge that you feel like you could have done better or differently.

If you haven't tried a community challenge yet, you could pick one that looks the easiest, the most interesting, or the most fun to try! I strongly encourage anyone who hasn't tried a Community Challenge to participate in this one, since you've got a lot of options!

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Roles | 04

Lead Guitar | Melody, Fills, Rhythm, and Static Parts

This is a huge lesson about your roles when you play lead guitar. It's so big that I'm waiting to film the next until until people have questions about this one. Part of the reason it's so long is because I tried to give lots of examples on the guitar. This is the kind of lesson that might give you a few months of practice, so take your time, have fun, and even take a break and come back to these concepts later if you want to.

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RolesScott Johnson
Live Stream | 59

Office Hours, Q&A

These were the questions this week:

Q1: Kayne was curious about how pentatonic shapes move together.

Q2: Martin was curious about wether or not it's necessary to learn how to read music

Q3: Dennis had a question about writing music starting with lyrics instead of music

Q4: Mateus was wondering if big bands listen to their own music - we got into some philosophy around songwriting

Q5: Mateus was also curious about how to write chord progressions using NOT the I chord first

Q6: Tony had some questions about pentatonic scales. I mentioned watching CAGED Soloing.

Q7: Graylight was curious about how two guitars sounds so good together on songs from The Milk Carton Kids like "Michigan." I also recommended some recording equipment.

Q8: Kevin had a question about what part of my hand hits the strings when I do a kind of slap strum.

Q9: Tony had some clarifying questions about what order to watch things in. I mentioned following the Recommended Lesson Plan.

Q10: Jason was curious who did my website. Luke Dumke is THE man around here. He edits my videos, he redesigned my website, he built the lesson archive, he also films amazing music videos, he's a recording engineer, and he's just a really cool and really nice guy.



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Community Challenge | 17

Write Something Using Hammer-Ons

The easiest way to participate would be to write a melody or chord progression that includes some hammer-ons. Then record that to your phone. No need to get fancy.

If you want a little more of a challenge, you could write both a chord progression AND a melody using recording software. Or a whole song. This particular challenge is pretty open-ended! Have fun with it.

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Practice Thoughts | 06

Don’t Say, “I Suck At Guitar”

For some reason, the music world is plagued by this idea that the good musicians have this magical thing called "talent." This idea is so solidified into music culture that people often feel like a failure or a fraud as soon as they pick up the instrument. Any resistance on their learning path is met with this feeling of "I knew I sucked at guitar and now it's becoming apparent."

Now, some of you might think I'm exaggerating but some of you might know what I'm talking about! Anyone on any level will probably get something out of this video, but I think this Practice Thought will really resonate with those of you who are struggling with perfectionism, imposter syndrome, and general frustration or dissatisfaction with your guitar playing.

If you struggle with feeling like you suck, this lesson will help you get a sense of how to focus those insecurities or frustrations toward progress.

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Live Stream | 58

Office Hours, Q&A

This week there were some great questions.

Question 1: Todd was curious about downloading lessons from my Patreon

Question 2: Dennis was curious about roman numerals and capo's. Specifically, what happens to chords when you move them up or down?

Question 3: Davin was curious about best practices for recording acoustic guitar with a dynamic mic. I also got into a little bit of EQ and compression for acoustic guitar.

Question 4: Gabriel also had a question about capos - I recommend checking out Dennis's question above, but also, once you're done with Music Theory for Guitar, the CAGED System Basics series will really help drive these concepts home.

Question 5: Mateus had a question about how to set the intonation on your guitar. I should have specified that I was referring specifically to electric guitar. Acoustic guitars generally require the saddle to be carved to achieve what can be done with a few turns of a screwdriver on an electric guitar.

Question 6: Kylir was curious about how to find arpeggios and use them in soloing. Among other things, I recommended CAGED System Basics and CAGED Soloing, to help find chord tones.

Question 7: Kylir was wondering what lessons I'm putting out next

Question 8: Davin had a question about how to teach guitar to kids

Question 9: Mateus was wondering how to finish a song

Question 10: Nathan was wondering if I have any series on learning specific genres.

Question 11: Kylir was wondering how/when to get started on community challenges

Question 12: Tim was curious about how to avoid back pain when practicing guitar

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Community Challenge | 16

Write Something In Melodic Minor

In this case, something can mean:

1. a whole song
2. a chord progression
3. a lone melody

It has been absolutely inspiring to hear all the submissions for community challenges so far. If you've been nervous to participate or feel like you're not ready, I'd like to remind you of two things:

Thing 1 is that you can submit your creations for any previous challenge at any point! They are open for you to participate wether you're reading this now in 2021 or later in 2045 - if the community challenges are posted, you're welcome to participate.

Thing 2 I'd like to emphasize is that you are welcome to participate at whatever level you're comfortable. This is a place for learning. If you were already a professional musician, you wouldn't be here. These challenges are designed to meet you where you're at so you can learn and grow in the most important way possible: by creating your own music.

Even if you don't want to be a songwriter, making music is (in my opinion) THEE way to understand and grow and become a musician. You don't need to write songs. Even just something as simple as writing a chord progression once a week can radically change how you approach your instrument. It's powerful. It is life-changing. It's fun.

If you're not familiar with Melodic Minor, I recommend brushing up on your Music Theory Monday.

Essentially, Melodic minor is about having the option of using two extra notes and therefore two (plus maybe a few more) extra chords. That turns something like this:

E Minor Scale: E F# G A B C D E

Into something like this:

E Minor Scale (with added Melodic Minor notes) E F# G A B C (C#) D (D#) E

Which gives you some chord options:

E Natural Minor Chords:

Em • F#° • G • Am • Bm • C • D

chord options added by melodic minor:

A • A7 • B • B7 • D# fully dim

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Slide Guitar | 01

Standard Tuning | Basic Technique & Triads

In this lesson, I walk you through the basic techniques involved in slide guitar and the basic triads you can find for slide guitar in standard tuning. From there we discuss how to approach the weird tonality of slide guitar and dig into a few ways to practice, mainly using my SPJ Jam Tracks.

Share your slide guitar noodling in the community forum. Also check out the attached PDF, showing a set of Chords in C Major and a set of Chords in E Minor. These two sets should give you enough to be able to transpose to different keys, but let the community know if you need help transposing!

If you want more specific homework other than "explore and noodle," here it is:

1. Try to work through a few tracks on my SPJ Jam Tracks channel and:
a) transpose the whole set of slide chords to the correct key for each jam track
b) start simple by trying to play each note in the chord simultaneously on the 1st beat of each measure before trying to do anything too fancy
c) try to come up with a fingerpicking pattern you like for one or two jam tracks
d) See if there are options to play chords an octave higher or lower on the neck.

The goal is just to start getting comfortable with slide technique and to get used to the idea of finding chord tones that all reside on one fret together.

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Slide GuitarScott Johnson
Live Stream | 57

Office Hours, Q&A

This was a great stream. Great questions all around

Intro and welcome

Question 1: Jack wanted some ideas for strengthening a sense of rhythm. I gave some practice ideas and some mindset ideas

Question 2: Dede/Mateus was curious about how to notate specific information onto roman numbers. We got into when and why you should/could/shouldn't do it.

Question 3: Tony had some questions about tuners and setting intonation - we dove deep into some of the complications around the guitar. Also, I mentioned the Buzz Feiten system for those who want their intonation to be that much better

Question 4: Mr K was wondering if there was a quick way to find the 7th of a particular chord. I talked about this quick trick: find a root and the note directly behind it is the maj7 - a whole step behind the root is the flat 7th for dom7, m7, and half dim. One more half step from there is the double flat 7th for fully dim chords. BUT also, check out the Rubik's Cube lessons to help solidify these concepts.

Question 5: Grow it all had a question about wether you can mix secondary dominants with modes

Question 6: Nathan was curious about how to add some triads or harmonies to solos inside of pentatonic scale

Question 7: Davin was curious about switching modes mid song in your guitar solo without changing keys. Whats going on here? Partly, it's a different way to think about modes that is often more common in jazz. I get into it. ALSO, I called a G Major chord a D Major chord for some reason. Ooops

Question 8: Mr K was curious about wether you must use the root note to slide from one shape to the next. No! You don't, but I went into more detail about it. Also, I talk about ways to practice that in my How to Solo Using the CAGED System video on YouTube.

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Community Challenge | 15

Write Something Sad

Sometimes writing something sad can make you feel really good! Sometimes writing something sad can make you feel more sad, but in a good way.

How do you write something sad? Sometimes it's about the way you play.

Here is a list of suggestions:
1. Slow tempo
2. Play in a way that is heavy, relaxed
3. Pick a minor key
4. Keep it sparse and simple
5. Melodies with long notes and gentle transitions might work better than staccato or jagged melodies
6. A slow bend up to a note can sound sad sometimes
7. Sliding up or down to a note in your melody can sound tired in a sad way sometimes

This is extremely open ended. You could write a chord progression or a whole song. It could be an instrumental ballad or a single, solitary melody played to some slow acoustic chords. Whatever you do, if your creation feels sad, submit what you've written to the community forum and we'll all have a listen. If you tried to make something sad and you're not sure you've nailed it, submit it anyway! Maybe the community will have some more technical suggestions for how to make it sound sad!

If you're stuck on how to do this, keep in mind that your body language and the way you play will often translate more than what notes you play. So it might help to imagine how it feels to be sad and see how your body feels. Or if you're already feeling sad, pour that into the guitar and see what happens.

Yes, music theory is important, but ultimately music is about expressing yourself. The suggestions above will help, but trying to translate how your body feels when you're sad into playing the guitar can take some practice!

The idea here is to experiment, explore and have fun.

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Songwriting | 06

Lyrics with Ben | Three Prong Writing

This lesson is a little different. It's a conversation with my friend and bandmate, Ben Carson. This is hopefully the first of many conversations. Let me know if you'd like me to continue this conversation and get more specific about each of these lyric writing prongs. Next time we'll be able to capture better audio as well - something didn't work right this time!

Ben and I wrote all the songs for our band, Hot Bodies in Motion. I wrote mostly music - bringing sketches of verse and chorus and sometimes more - and Ben wrote the lyrics (and massaged, changed, or rewrote my melodies to fit his voice.)

This video is hopefully the first of many videos about writing lyrics. Even if you are not interested in writing lyrics, this still might be useful if you'd like to be a good bandmate in the future. Also, this discussion might help you start thinking about how to start building writing habits around music as well.

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